Dutusatutu
Scrophulariaceae
Centranthera indica
Dutusatutu S
Undir kani is an erect herb, growing up to 10-50 cm high. The stem is stout, bristled and erect. Linear, stalk-less leaves, 1-3 cm long, flowers bloom in the leaf axils in September. The rose colored flowers are funnel shaped, 2 cm long.
Aratta
Zingiberaceae
Alpinia calcarata
Aratta S
Snap Ginger E
Native to India
Wal eguru
Zingiberaceae
Wal iguru S
Bitter ginger Shampoo ginger E
Shampoo ginger is a tall upright ginger growing up to 9' tall with long, narrow leaves.
It has cone shaped bracts.
Wel Tibbatu
Solanaceae
Solanum trilobatum
Wal tibbatu S
Purple Fruited Pea Eggplant, E
Tuduvalai T
Purple Fruited Pea Eggplant is a thorny creeper with bluish violet flower, more commonly available inSouthern India has been used traditionally in Siddha system of medicines to treat various diseases.
Wal tibbatu S
Purple Fruited Pea Eggplant, E
Tuduvalai T
Purple Fruited Pea Eggplant is a thorny creeper with bluish violet flower, more commonly available in
Divi kaduru
APOCYNACEAE
Pagiantha dichotoma
Divi-kaduru (S);
Nanthia vattai (T
Moderate size tree found in wet zone. Roots are poisonous Fruit glabrous, orange when ripe. Seeds with a coat of crimson pulp
Pagiantha dichotoma
Divi-kaduru (S);
Nanthia vattai (T
Moderate size tree found in wet zone. Roots are poisonous Fruit glabrous, orange when ripe. Seeds with a coat of crimson pulp
Nawa
Sterculiaceae
Hairy Sterculia E
Nawa S
Kottaithanuku T
Hairy Sterculia is a medium sized, native to India Flowers are unisexual, Many-seeded, red when ripe. Seeds oblong, smooth, black. Flowering: December-March.
Sadikka
Myristica fragrans
Nutmeg E
Sadikka S
The nutmeg tree is a large evergreen native to the Moluccas (the Spice Islands ) and is now cultivated in the West Fruit used as a spice is also the seed,
Kirihanda
Amaranthaceae
Silver Cockscomb E
Kirihanda S
Silver cockscombs are erect, branching plants with oval or lance-shaped, strongly veined leaves 2-6 in long and hundreds of tiny flowers packed in dense spikes of silver-white
Baludan
Myrsinaceae
Shoebutton Ardisia E
Balu dan S
Manipudbam T
Shoebutton Ardisia is a large, evergreen shurb, growing up to 1.5-4 m tall .Flowers are 1.5-2 cm across, pink or pinkish- white, pink flowers. Flowering: March-August.
Malita
Lythraceae
Fire Flame Bush, Red Bell
Malitta S
Velakkai T
Fire Flame Bush is a spreading, leafy shrub, small in size but very conspicuous on dry, rocky hillsides from December to May, Medicinal uses: This is a drug largely used in native medicine. This enters into the composition of many preparations, decoctions, churnas and ghritas for various diseases, but chiefly dysentery and diarrhoea by reason of its being highly astringent.
Kadupahara
Asteraceae
Emilia sonchifolia
Kadupahara S
Muyalccevi T
Purple Sow Thistle is an annual herb with a branched taproot. Stems are weak, erect or often branched
Balunakuta
Verbenaceae
Stachytarpheta indica
Balunakuta S
Seemai nayuruvi T
Indian Snakeweed is a terrestrial, annual or perennial, erect subshrub, up to 2 m tall. Taproot white or brown. Stem quadrangular, solid, glabrous or hairy. Stipules absent. Leaves simple,. Stalkless blue flowers appear in a slender terminal spike, petals 5, blue, with white throat.
Maha bovitiya
Melastomataceae
Melastoma malabathricum
Malabar Melastome E
Maha bovitiya S
Malabar Melastome is an evergreen shrub, up to 2 m tall. Fruit a berry-like capsule with numerous seeds coated with red, sweet astringent pulp.
Beht Anoda
Malvaceae
Abutilon heterotrichum
Hairy Indian Mallow, E
Vadattuti T
Behet Anoda S
Hairy Indian Mallow is an perennial herb or undershrub, 0.5-2 m tall. Stem, leaf-stalks and flower-stalks are sticky velvety and hairy. Leaves are carried on 3-15 cm long stalks.. Flowers are 3-3.5 cm across, orange-yellow. Petals are 1.5 cm long and 1 cm broad, densely hairy,
Sudu hadun
Santalaceae
Santalum album
Sandalwood, Indian sandalwood, E
Suduhadun S
Chandanam T
Sandalwood is an evergreen tree, growing up to 4-9 m tall. The trees have a long life, and may live up to one hundred years of age. The plant parasitises the roots of other tree species, but without major detriment to its hosts. medicine, sandalwood oil is considered an excellent sedating agent.
Kamaranka
Oxalidaceae
Carambola, Star fruit E
Kamaranka S
Tamarattai T
A slow growing small tropical tree, no more than 25 feet tall, originally from Southeast Asia (Indonesia) The green leaflets are sensitive to light and fold inward at night. It has small, pink colored flowers with a dark-red heart. year-round. When sliced in cross section a perfect star is formed. Carambola is eaten fresh or in fruit salads.
Attikka
Moraceae
Ficus racemosa
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Cluster fig E
Attikka S
Atti T
Goolar is an attractive fig tree witha crooked trumk and a spreading crown. Furry figs in short clusters, which grow directly out of the trunk of the tree. Those looking for the flower of goolar should know that the fig is actually a compartment carrying hundreds of flowers.
Kaha Adanahiriya
Fabaceae
Crotalaria retusa
Rattleweed, shak-shak, Rattlebox, wedge-leaf E
Kaha Adanahiriya S
Kilukiluppai T
Rattle weed is an annual herb with erect stem, growing up to 1.3 m tall. Stems are ridged, velvety with short appressed hairs. Leaves are simple, argins hairy. Pods are greenish to start with, dark brown to black at maturity, 3-4 cm long, hairless.
Sudupuruk
Acanthaceae
Justicia betonica
Squirrel's tail, White shrimp plant E
Sudu puruk S
Velimungil T
Squirrel tail is a graceful and elegant plant,. A beautiful unusual shrimp plant, very rare. Very floriferous plant producing in abundance erect white bracts with a green netting pattern. It’s flowers start out white then turn to pink with age, giving a beautiful contrast. A free branching upright shrub, producing a very attractive tropical inflorescence
Suriyakantha
Asteraceae
Silverleaf Sunflower E
Suriya kantha S
Silver leaf Sunflower is a coarse annual herb 1.5-2 m tall. Stems are densely white-velvety. Leaves are ovate to ovate-lance shaped. Silverleaf Sunflower is native to North America, cultivated as a garden plant in India.
Nil katarolu
Fabaceae
Clitoria ternatea
Butterfly Pea E
Nil Katarolu S
Kannikkodi T
This wonderful twining plant generously bears quite large flowers which are a beautiful shade of vivid cobalt blue with a white throat. The flowers are presented upside down - the "keel" petal appears on the top rather than the underside. A native of subtropical America and Asia, the butterfly pea is beautiful.
Niyagala
Liliaceae
Gloriosa superba
Glory Lily, Gloriosa lily E
Niyagala S
Kallappai kilangu T
Found in all part of the island Glory Lily is a most unusual and splendid flower, Tubers are poisonous.
Minimal
Apocynaceae
Catharanthus roseus
Periwinkle, Vinca E
Minimal S
. Closely planted it can have an impressive effect with its various colours. This is one flower which can be found all part of the island. Lots of cultivars have been developed with various colors, from red to white.
Katu karadu
Acanthaceae
Barleria lupulina
Hophead, Philippine Violet E
Ranwan katukaradu S
Hophead is a popular medicinal plant distributed in many part of the island. Shrubbery plant with single dark green leaves, red-brown branches, and flowers that bloom in upright spikes. It is an erect shrub with smooth, hairless stems and leaves. wide. Flowers occur in a terminal spike with overlapping bracts which are broadly ovate corolla tube
Nika
Verbenaceae
Vitex negundo
Chaste Tree E
Nika S
Nocchi T
Chaste tree can be described as a cross between a shrub and a tree with a single woody stem (trunk). It can grow up to five meters tall., Violet flowers on new growth from June to September. Flowers are the smallest of the commonly grown Vitex species. The leaves are used as a mosquito repellent
Yakkapu
Sterculiaceae
Yakkapu S
Devil's Cotton, Cotton Abroma E
Devil's Cotton is a large spreading shrub, or a small tree, with fibrous bark and irritant hairs. It grows up to 2.5 m tall with hairy branches. Flowering: June-September.
Napiritta
Malvaceae
Furcaria surattensis
Kashlikirai, kattuppuliccai T
Napiritta S
Bush Sorrel, E
Bush Sorrel is a weak-stemmed, prostrate or climbing plant covered with soft hairs and scattered prickles... Bush Sorrel is found throughout the tropical world. Its leaves are commonly used as pot-herb in many parts of Africa and Asia. Flowering: September-March.
Wara
Asclepiadaceae
Calotropis gigantean
Crown Flower E
Wara S
Erukku T
This large shrub, which looks like a small tree, sports clusters of waxy flowers that are either white or lavender in are used. The fruit is a follicle and when dry, seed dispersal is by wind. The seeds with a parachute of hairs, is a delight for small children, who like to blow it and watch it float in the air. This plant plays host to a variety of insects and butterflies.
Ranawara
Caesalpiniaceae
Cassia auriculata
Matara tea T
Avaram T
Ranawara S
Tanner's Cassia is a branched shrub, growing up to 1-1.5 m high. It has a smooth reddish brown bark. Flowers yellow
Tolabo
Amaryllidaceae
Crinum asiaticum
Grand crinum lily E
Tolabo S
Visamumgil T
This crinum lily makes an imposing presence in the garden. Dark green strap-like leaves may be more than 3 feet long by 4 inches wide. Flowers are shaped like tubes that flare open into a crown of narrow petals. The flowers are white and are arranged in clusters atop thick, succulent stems
Madatiya
Mimosaceae
Adenanthera pavonina
Red Sandalwood, E
Madatiya S
Red Sandalwood is a timber tree. This plant is found in the wet zone in srilanka . flower grows in dense drooping rat-tail flower heads, almost like cat-tail flower-heads. Fruits are curved, hanging, green pods that turn brown, coil up and split open as they ripen to reveal small bright red seeds. and rosaries... Children love the hard red seeds and few can resist collecting the brightly coloured seeds usually littered under the tree.
Na
Clusiaceae
Mesua ferrea
Ceylon ironwood E
Na S
Tadinangu T
A handsome evergreen tree often planted as an ornamental for its fragrant white flowers that yield a perfume; source of very heavy hardwood medium-sized evergreen tree up to 13 m tall, It is the National tree of Sri Lanka.
Kalu Attana
Solanaceae
Datura metel
Horn of Plenty, Devil's Trumpet E
Kalu attana S
A unique cousin of the common Datura. The flowers are held upright. They are semi-double and a beautiful shade of purple-blue. Plants do best in full sunlight. They grow to a height of around one meter.
Kubuk
Combretaceae
Terminalia arjuna
Arjun E
Kubuk S
Marutu T
Arjuna is a large, evergreen tree, with a spreading crown and drooping branches. Grows up to 25 m height, and the bark is grey and smooth.. Flowers small, white, and occur on long hanging racemes. Fruit is 2.3-3.5 cm long, fibrous woody Flowering time of the tree is April-July,
Komarika
Asphodelaceae
Aloe vera
Burn plant E
Komarika S
Kathalai T
Aloe, a popular houseplant, has a long history as a multipurpose folk remedy. Commonly known as Aloe vera, the plant can be snapped off and placed on cuts and burns for immediate relief. Aloe vera is a clump forming succulent whose fleshy gray-green leaves are arranged in a vase shaped rosette atop a very short stem. The leaves are up to 18 in long and 2 in wide
Koboneela
Caesalpiniaceae
Bauhinia purpurea
Butterfly tree E
Koboneela S
Nilattiruvatti T
These flowers appear on the trees from September through November and are a beautiful sight to see, creating a vivid splash of color in the landscape. Curiously, the flower color varies quite a lot. There are some trees which have white flowers with only some streaks of purple in them
Aralu
Combretaceae
Terminalia chebula
Myrobalan E
Aralu S
Chebulic Myrobalan can reach heights of 20 meters. This tree yields smallish, ribbed and nut-like fruits which are picked up when still green and then pickled, boiled with a little added sugar in their own syrup or used in preserves or concotions. The seed of the fruit, which has an elliptical shape, is an abrasive pit enveloped by a fleshy and firm pulp.
Ehala
Caesalpiniaceae
Cassia fistula
Ehala S
Golden shower tree, Indian Laburnum E
Konrai T
A tropical ornamental tree with a trunk consisting of hard reddish wood, growing up to 40 feet tall. The wood is hard and heavy; it is used for cabinet, These flowers are attractive to bees and butterflies. The fruits are dark-brown cylindrical pods, also 2' long,
Nelli
Euphorbiaceae
Phyllanthus embelica
Beheth nelli S
Nelli T
Amla, Indian gooseberry E
A medium to large sized tree up to about 10 m in height It grows in moist part of srilanka below 1200 m altitude. The taste of Amla is sour, bitter and astringent, and is quite fibrous.
Asoka
Caesalpiniaceae
Saraca indica
Asoka S
Sita Ashok, Sorrowless tree E
Asogam T
This is an erect tree, small and evergreen, with a smooth, grey-brown bark. The crown is compact and shapely. Flowers are usually to be seen throughout the year, but it is in January and February that the profusion of orange and scarlet clusters turns the tree into an object of startling beauty.
Delum
Punicaceae
Delun : S
Pomegranate : E
Madalankai : T
The pomegranate is a shrub, usually with multiple stems, Pomegranate is cultivated in home garden in many part of Sri lanka, Mostly found in dry zone A tasty drink is made by fruit
